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What should Europe do to promote balanced diets?

Three individuals stroll through a park, one of them holding a cup, enjoying a leisurely day outdoors.

By Nicholas Hodac, Director General of UNESDA Soft Drinks Europe

 

The new EU political term offers a crucial opportunity for policymakers to reevaluate their strategy on how to promote balanced diets more effectively. We should all aim for European policies that prioritise the health and well-being of its citizens with appropriate measures delivering tangible results. These should consider voluntary actions as an alternative to regulation and science-based policies grounded in robust food and drink consumption data.

The European soft drinks sector, represented by UNESDA, stands as a prime example of how self-regulatory actions respond to societal concerns and catalyse meaningful change, serving as an inspiration for others to follow. UNESDA is proud to be the world’s first food industry association to have taken a bold set of voluntary commitments 20 years ago in relation to no marketing to children and stringent rules for selling soft drinks in EU schools, including no sales of our drinks in primary schools.

In addition, our sector has embarked on an impressive sugar reduction journey over the past two decades. We have been continuously reducing the average sugar content in our soft drinks by reformulating our existing recipes, offering smaller pack sizes for better portion control and moderate consumption, innovating to increase our offer of no- and low-calorie options and nudging the consumer towards these drinks. We have achieved remarkable milestones in sugar reduction: a 13.3% reduction between 2000-2015, followed by a 14.6% reduction between 2015-2019, and more recently, a 7.6% reduction between 2019-2022.

As a sector with a longstanding commitment to balanced lifestyles, it was only natural for us to sign the EU Code of Conduct on Responsible Food Business and Marketing Practices in 2021, which provides an ideal platform for stepping up collective efforts to build a more sustainable and healthier EU food and drink system through ambitious voluntary commitments.

We are determined to continue encouraging Europeans towards balanced diets. To make further progress in our actions, we need support from policymakers to:

  • Ensure up-to-date and reliable food and drink consumption data in Europe to better understand what interventions can be effective. Based on our thorough analysis of existing data, two key aspects became evident: 1) There is a decrease in soft drink consumption in several European countries showing that our sector is not the primary contributor to sugar intake. This points to the need for policymakers to take a multi-faceted approach that considers all sources of added sugars, not only sugar sweetened beverages; 2) Current data is insufficient to serve as the basis for informed policy decisions. It is imperative to ensure the availability of accurate and comparable EU-wide data to understand consumption patterns for effective decision-making.

 

  • Develop evidence-based policies that do not discriminate against ingredients  approved as safe for use by health authorities, and which enable food innovation. For example, low- and no-calorie sweeteners are ingredients whose safety is thoroughly assessed by the European Food Safety Authority in the EU. They help consumers to manage their sugar and calorie intake by providing the taste that consumers know and expect from their favourite foodstuffs, yet containing no, or very few, calories. These ingredients deserve a far better public recognition for the role they play in achieving public health objectives, such as reducing overweight and obesity.

 

  • Support science-based, harmonised and non-discriminatory labelling policies to help consumers make informed choices. Policymaking must not be guided by emotional biases; instead, it should be firmly grounded in evidence and ensure equal treatment for any food or drink.

 

As a sector, we will continue to do our part to support balanced diets. We look forward to working with the new EU policymakers and other stakeholders to drive wider positive impact within a policy environment that promotes voluntary initiatives and science-based policies.

Current water challenges

We cannot deny the current water challenges our world is facing. We are experiencing increased water scarcity, with demands for safe, usable water exceeding supply in many areas, including in Europe. 

  • Freshwater use has been growing by about 1% per year since the 1980s and as water demand is expected to continue increasing at a similar rate until 2050, this will account for an increase of 20 to 30% above the current level of water use1.
  • This increase in water demand is leading to a reduction of renewable water resources of 24% per capita in Europe2
  • Around 30% of the European population lives in areas with permanent water stress and up to 70% live in areas with seasonal water stress during summer3.
  • Europe’s aquatic ecosystems are severely degraded: only 17% of protected river, lake, alluvial, and riparian habitats are in good conservation status and 90% of protected wetland habitats are classified as poor or bad4.
  • Globally, 85% of wetlands have been lost in the last 300 years, with more than 50% lost since 19905. This is particularly critical as wetlands play an important role in filtering water and removing pollutants, as well as providing shelter to wildlife and capturing carbon.

 

This situation entails severe risks for the world’s population. 

  • For the last decade, the World Economic Forum has placed water-related risks among the world’s top five in its annual Global Risks Report. 
  • Water-related disasters have also dominated the list of disasters over the past 50 years and account for 70% of all deaths related to natural disasters6.
  • Nearly 95% of infrastructure loss and damage reported between 2010 to 2019 were due to water-related disasters7
  • More frequent and intensive flooding has cost lives and livelihoods across Europe, while at the same time, more than 50% of the continent has, in recent years, been affected by extreme drought conditions, which also breed a range of negative social, economic and human outcomes8.

A situation driven by a combination of factors

The deterioration of the natural water cycle stems from a confluence of factors: growing urbanisation, growing populations, increased consumption, poor management, pollution, lack of or damaged infrastructure, and climate change.  

Agriculture was responsible for 59% of total freshwater use in Europe in 20179, while industrial and domestic uses are the main drivers of increasing water demand. Indeed, as economies industrialise, populations urbanise and water supply and sanitation systems expand. 

Additionally, rising temperatures and more extreme weather patterns are causing more droughts and flooding. Climate variability is also bringing more uncertainty as to the availability, predictability and geographical distribution of water. Water and climate change are inextricably linked. From unpredictable rainfall patterns to shrinking ice sheets, rising sea levels, floods and droughts – most impacts of climate change come down to water (UN Water).