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EU Farm to Fork Strategy – making healthier diets the easy choice

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]by Helen Benson, Regulatory Affairs Director, UNESDA[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_single_image image=”7064″ img_size=”large” alignment=”center”][/vc_column][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]

The COVID-19 crisis has brought the essential nature of Europe’s food and drink industry into sharp focus. Despite the unprecedented challenges of lockdowns and restrictions on movement across the continent, the food and drink sector has managed to maintain supply and ensure that the EU’s 450 million citizens continue to be fed and refreshed.

The EU should be proud of the way in which the entire supply chain has pulled together – from farmers and producers through to manufacturers, distributors and retailers.  The soft drinks sector is a local industry with local suppliers and plants and has worked with literally thousands of people to ensure that its products continue to reach the shelves. We have very much appreciated the clear guidance and support provided by the EU institutions in helping stakeholders navigate the crisis and its long-lasting effects on our economy and way of life.

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Against this background, it is hardly a surprise to learn that the EU Farm to Fork strategy is delayed. However, regardless of the timing, what really matters is that when the Commission is ready to launch its strategy, that it comes forward with a document that provides European society and business with an EU-wide roadmap for delivering sustainable food production and consumption. Our industry would welcome an approach that is evidence-based, continues to place food safety centre stage, and also secures the competitiveness and dynamism of the sector. Upholding its capacity to innovate and offer consumer choice, while focussing on positive steps forward that will have the most impact in our “new normal”.

 

Towards healthier diets by nudging consumer behaviour

We applaud the roadmap’s goal of making healthier diets the easy choice and its acknowledgment that while there are no healthy or unhealthy foods, there are indeed healthy and unhealthy diets. Improving diets won’t be addressed effectively by setting maximum nutrient levels but rather by balancing food and drink choices to achieve an optimal intake of nutrients and calories.  This depends on a complex range of factors such as physical activity levels, age, overall health, portion sizes and dietary preferences.

The good news is that the soft drinks sector has been offering products with absolutely no calories or sugar since the 1970s.  These drinks support people in reducing their calorie intake and over the past 20 years UNESDA members have cut average calories in soft drinks by some 25%. Almost one quarter of all soft drinks sold in Europe today are no- and low-calorie, and in some markets it’s already at 40%. Our commitment to sugar reduction uses a combination of levers to nudge consumer choice and create healthier diets – reformulating existing products, innovating to develop new products with lower sugar profiles, placing promotion behind no- and low-calorie options and reducing pack sizes to help with portion control.

 

European action guided by reputable evidence and science

Reformulating to reduce or remove sugars is most successful when done gradually in order to gain the buy-in of consumers and allow for different tastes and preferences. Sugar reduction can only go so far. There are technical barriers to reformulation and product safety and integrity will always remain our number one priority.

We want to continue our sugar reduction journey and low-calorie sweeteners, which are evaluated as safe by the European Food Safety Authority and authorised by the European Commission, are a key tool in achieving this – not just in soft drinks but right across the food industry.

In order to go further, we need European and national authorities to drive consumer confidence in low-calorie sweeteners and reassure them of their safety and benefits. We also need to increase innovation potential by optimising the regulatory framework to facilitate gradual reformulation. This would generate critical mass in driving sugar/calorie reduction while also supporting the UN global health objective of encouraging product innovation and lower calorie options.

 

Let’s get clear on labelling

Labels can give people accurate, easily understandable information on the nutritional composition of the food and drink that they buy for themselves and their families. UNESDA members have displayed full, “Guideline Daily Amount” nutritional information front-of-pack for almost 15 years – well ahead of the requirements of EU legislation which made full, back-of-pack nutrition labelling mandatory.

The host of front-of-pack nutritional labelling schemes which have emerged across Europe in recent years have the potential to confuse consumers and create trade barriers and additional costs. They are a prime example of the consequences of a lack of EU-wide direction which fragments the single market and compromises EU competitiveness.

We need an EU-wide, harmonised, evidence-based front-of-pack nutrition labelling scheme that meets the dietary needs of all EU citizens. As UNESDA, we could support the establishment of a voluntary system that is developed under an EU governance model and able to be scaled across the EU in line with existing legislation. To be successful, the scheme must be relevant, informative and meaningful – helping consumers to choose lower sugar/calorie options if they wish, while also incentivising producers to reformulate.

In short, regardless of when the European Commission’s Farm to Fork strategy appears, what is more important than ever in the current context is that it places European consumers and businesses at its very heart – upholding the single market, streamlining costs and efficiencies to promote competitiveness, and driving effective, evidence-based action right across the EU food chain.

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Current water challenges

We cannot deny the current water challenges our world is facing. We are experiencing increased water scarcity, with demands for safe, usable water exceeding supply in many areas, including in Europe. 

  • Freshwater use has been growing by about 1% per year since the 1980s and as water demand is expected to continue increasing at a similar rate until 2050, this will account for an increase of 20 to 30% above the current level of water use1.
  • This increase in water demand is leading to a reduction of renewable water resources of 24% per capita in Europe2
  • Around 30% of the European population lives in areas with permanent water stress and up to 70% live in areas with seasonal water stress during summer3.
  • Europe’s aquatic ecosystems are severely degraded: only 17% of protected river, lake, alluvial, and riparian habitats are in good conservation status and 90% of protected wetland habitats are classified as poor or bad4.
  • Globally, 85% of wetlands have been lost in the last 300 years, with more than 50% lost since 19905. This is particularly critical as wetlands play an important role in filtering water and removing pollutants, as well as providing shelter to wildlife and capturing carbon.

 

This situation entails severe risks for the world’s population. 

  • For the last decade, the World Economic Forum has placed water-related risks among the world’s top five in its annual Global Risks Report. 
  • Water-related disasters have also dominated the list of disasters over the past 50 years and account for 70% of all deaths related to natural disasters6.
  • Nearly 95% of infrastructure loss and damage reported between 2010 to 2019 were due to water-related disasters7
  • More frequent and intensive flooding has cost lives and livelihoods across Europe, while at the same time, more than 50% of the continent has, in recent years, been affected by extreme drought conditions, which also breed a range of negative social, economic and human outcomes8.

A situation driven by a combination of factors

The deterioration of the natural water cycle stems from a confluence of factors: growing urbanisation, growing populations, increased consumption, poor management, pollution, lack of or damaged infrastructure, and climate change.  

Agriculture was responsible for 59% of total freshwater use in Europe in 20179, while industrial and domestic uses are the main drivers of increasing water demand. Indeed, as economies industrialise, populations urbanise and water supply and sanitation systems expand. 

Additionally, rising temperatures and more extreme weather patterns are causing more droughts and flooding. Climate variability is also bringing more uncertainty as to the availability, predictability and geographical distribution of water. Water and climate change are inextricably linked. From unpredictable rainfall patterns to shrinking ice sheets, rising sea levels, floods and droughts – most impacts of climate change come down to water (UN Water).