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DRS has the potential to deliver full circularity for beverage packaging in the EU

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]By Patricia Fosselard, Secretary General, EFBW and Nicholas Hodac, Director General, UNESDA

[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_single_image image=”9128″ img_size=”400×410″ alignment=”center” label=””][/vc_column][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Europe’s beverage sectors have long led the way in packaging sustainability and circularity. Over the past decades our industries have been actively involved in the setting-up and financing of packaging recovery organisations across the continent, and now PET drinks bottles have the distinction of being the EU’s most recycled plastic packaging[1].

We want to maximise the collection and recycling of all beverage packaging – including glass, carton, cans and PET bottles. The EU’s Single Use Plastics (SUP) Directive, for example, requires that by 2029, 90% of plastic beverage bottles are collected. It also stipulates that PET bottles must contain 25% recycled content by 2025 – rising to 30% in 2030. To meet these targets Europe will need highly effective packaging collection schemes. To date however, levels of collection and recycling of PET beverage bottles have varied widely across the block and, based on current collection performance, it is unlikely that all member states will be in a position to achieve the SUP targets.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]So, what is the answer? EFBW and UNESDA believe that well-designed Deposit Return Schemes (DRS) could hold the key – and a growing number of EU member states are coming to the same conclusion and considering their introduction. Coca-Cola European Partners SVP Public Affairs and Government Relations, Hans van Bochove, also agrees that “Well designed DRS would enable the EU to reach its collection targets for beverage bottles faster – and would also secure the food-grade quality rPET that our beverage industries need. In delivering closed loop recycling, DRS would also reduce the quantity of virgin materials needed – thereby lowering the EU’s CO2 footprint and contributing towards its climate objectives.

To be efficient, DRS need to meet some important design criteria: They should be national in scope, should be as wide as possible and in principle include all beverage categories and be set up and run by the obliged industry in a not-for-profit structure. In addition, DRS should be convenient for the consumer, with deposit amount and scope clearly communicated and accessible redemption locations provided. Deposit fees should incentivise a bring-back culture, and finally, DRS should allow beverage producers to secure access to recycled material for use in closed loop (ie bottle to bottle).

The European Commission could play an important role in making DRS a reality by developing guidelines for their implementation. Guidance that is similar to the minimum requirements for Extended Producer Responsibility schemes, adopted in the 2018 revision of the Waste Framework Directive, would be a good start. These guidelines could be developed as part of the Commission’s work in the coming months in implementing the Circular Economy Action Plan and the EU Recovery Funds.

Europe’s natural mineral and spring water as well as soft drinks industries are committed to meeting SUP targets and investing in collection infrastructures that will ensure that we get all beverage containers back for recycling. By collaborating with stakeholders throughout the supply chain in the setting up and running of efficient collection schemes we are confident that we can realise our goal and achieve circularity for all EU beverage packaging.

Read more here: https://www.unesda.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/UNESDA-EFBW-joint-paper-DRS.pdf[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]

Current water challenges

We cannot deny the current water challenges our world is facing. We are experiencing increased water scarcity, with demands for safe, usable water exceeding supply in many areas, including in Europe. 

  • Freshwater use has been growing by about 1% per year since the 1980s and as water demand is expected to continue increasing at a similar rate until 2050, this will account for an increase of 20 to 30% above the current level of water use1.
  • This increase in water demand is leading to a reduction of renewable water resources of 24% per capita in Europe2
  • Around 30% of the European population lives in areas with permanent water stress and up to 70% live in areas with seasonal water stress during summer3.
  • Europe’s aquatic ecosystems are severely degraded: only 17% of protected river, lake, alluvial, and riparian habitats are in good conservation status and 90% of protected wetland habitats are classified as poor or bad4.
  • Globally, 85% of wetlands have been lost in the last 300 years, with more than 50% lost since 19905. This is particularly critical as wetlands play an important role in filtering water and removing pollutants, as well as providing shelter to wildlife and capturing carbon.

 

This situation entails severe risks for the world’s population. 

  • For the last decade, the World Economic Forum has placed water-related risks among the world’s top five in its annual Global Risks Report. 
  • Water-related disasters have also dominated the list of disasters over the past 50 years and account for 70% of all deaths related to natural disasters6.
  • Nearly 95% of infrastructure loss and damage reported between 2010 to 2019 were due to water-related disasters7
  • More frequent and intensive flooding has cost lives and livelihoods across Europe, while at the same time, more than 50% of the continent has, in recent years, been affected by extreme drought conditions, which also breed a range of negative social, economic and human outcomes8.

A situation driven by a combination of factors

The deterioration of the natural water cycle stems from a confluence of factors: growing urbanisation, growing populations, increased consumption, poor management, pollution, lack of or damaged infrastructure, and climate change.  

Agriculture was responsible for 59% of total freshwater use in Europe in 20179, while industrial and domestic uses are the main drivers of increasing water demand. Indeed, as economies industrialise, populations urbanise and water supply and sanitation systems expand. 

Additionally, rising temperatures and more extreme weather patterns are causing more droughts and flooding. Climate variability is also bringing more uncertainty as to the availability, predictability and geographical distribution of water. Water and climate change are inextricably linked. From unpredictable rainfall patterns to shrinking ice sheets, rising sea levels, floods and droughts – most impacts of climate change come down to water (UN Water).